Low back pain (LBP) is estimated to affect 40–80% of adults at some point in their lives and can become chronic. LBP frequently leads to disability and, in fact, is a leading cause of disability worldwide.

While the ‘biopsychosocial model’ has been promoted for many years, it remains inadequately applied in both research and clinical settings. Many LBP cases are poorly treated, with a heavy emphasis on a symptom management approach that may not address a patient’s unique needs. Some LBP treatments (ex. injections and drug therapies) have been shown to be minimally effective and possibly even harmful. In conflict with clinical guidelines, complementary LBP treatment modalities that have been scientifically validated, like spinal manipulation, exercise, acupuncture, cognitive behavioral therapy, and selfcare, are often not included in LBP management.

 

Previous studies have shown that the integration of complementary modalities with conventional care can improve outcomes for LBP patients. By combining various viable treatment options to address the multidimensional causes of pain, a synergistic effect may exceed the therapeutic effect of any one therapy alone. A previous report on such a team-based, integrated model of care included acupuncturists, chiropractors, psychologists, exercise therapists, massage therapists, and primary care physicians, with case managers coordinating care.